Jewish Holy Days free essay sample

Roy Rehberg Jewish Holy Days Paper Many different religions celebrate holidays of all kinds. Throughout history, each religion has developed their own traditions. These traditions are important as they have been traced back through our ancestors and provide a valuable lesson on how important traditions are. Judaism is no different. Although Judaism was the base of Christianity, the traditions are very different. Those of Jewish faith celebrate three major holy days in succession; Rosh Hashanah, ten days later is Yom Kippur, and finally five days after that is Sukkot. Time of the Year of Holy Day It all starts in the fall with the Jewish New Year, Rosh Hashanah. Following that is the most sacred day of the year, Yom Kippur. Although these days are now celebrated on specific days, it was not always like that. They used to just base it off of the harvest season. Yom Kippur is referred to as the Day of Atonement, which means to make up for faults. We will write a custom essay sample on Jewish Holy Days or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is during this time that the Jewish people stick to a strict regime of prayer and fasting. Occurring in late autumn is Sukkot, which marks the end of the wandering period by the Jewish after their departure from Egypt. Altogether, this whole period in time is called the Days of Awe because of the effect it has on the people (Molloy, 2010). Historical Origin of Holy Day In order to fully understand Sukkot, we must first go back in the Bible to Exodus, more specifically the book of Numbers. In the book of Numbers, we are told of the Israelites being led out of Egypt by Moses. They were led out because 400 years before that, they had been made slaves. Moses led the Israelites to Mount Sinai where God handed down to him the Ten Commandments. After this they made their way to the Promise Land. Once they found the Promise Land, God told them they could enter; however, no one trusted God enough to go in. As part of a punishment for not having faith in God, they were forced to wonder for forty years. Sukkot commemorates the end of the Jewish wandering by giving thanks for a plentiful harvest. It is now one of three pilgrimage festivals that those of Jewish faith celebrate. Religious Practices Associated with the Days In the Torah, it states that on this holiday we should â€Å"live in booths seven days†¦in order that future generations may know that I made the Israelite people live in booths when I brought them out of the land of Egypt, I am the Lord your God† (Lev. 23:42-43) (History Of Sukkot, n. d. ). Sukkot means â€Å"booth† and refers to what the Jewish people were required to live in during this time. These booths must have 3 walls and be covered with some kind of material that will not allow for the building to be easily knocked down. In order for the roof to fulfill the commandment, the roof needs to be made of a material from the earth, has to be something that allows for rain to enter and the stars to be seen (Jewish Virtual Library, 2014). Theological or Cultural Differences Throughout all the different religions, people have made small changes or adjusted things to better fit their lives. For example, Christmas is a Christian holiday, but the way every family celebrates it may vary quite a bit. Theologically speaking, there is a definite difference between Orthodox Jews and Liberal Jews. Orthodox Jews believe in complete acceptance of the Torah, whereas liberal Jews believe that Torah laws are more lenient or adapt to the modern world. The cultural difference will not be as significant when it comes to Jews in different countries. For example, one difference would be the food served on Holy Days. Conclusion Sukkot is a very important holy day to those who are practicing Jews. The booths they build during this time are also significant to this day because they are a symbol of a more humbling time. Not only does Sukkot remind the Jews about bountiful harvests, but it is also a reminder of the faith they should have had in God at the promise land. Traditions such as these are handed down through ancestors and are an important part of our heritage and religious beliefs. References History of Sukkot. (n. d. ). Retrieved from

Explore Shakespeares presentation of Romeo Essays

Explore Shakespeares presentation of Romeo Essays Explore Shakespeares presentation of Romeo Essay Explore Shakespeares presentation of Romeo Essay Explore Shakespeares presentation of Romeo: Romeo and Juliet, the story of two star crossed lovers. The story begins by telling us about the Montagues and the Capulets.Two households both alike in dignityMeaning the Montagues and Capulets are both at the same social position, which is assumed to be rather high. The families have both been enemies, From ancient grudge break to new mutiny.Romeo attends a Capulet ball, where he meets Juliet, and little does he know that she is a Capulet, he falls in love with her almost immediately. However, shortly after their meeting they both discover each others names and realize that they are family enemies.My only love, sprung from my only hate. Juliet says, soon after her meeting with Romeo.Their family conflict grounds many problems for their doomed love. The two, without knowledge of their parents marry in secret. However Juliets father has found the perfect match for her, a radiant young man named, Paris. This causes a lot of problems for Rome o and Juliet, and their love for each other, which started out as a happy moment in time, starts to go awfully wrong. Romeo is first introduced as a untroubled and naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve young man, and over the next 3 days he is faced with serious issues and has to deal with some of the major events in his life, such as falling in love, getting married, murder, dealing with banishment and death, and finally taking his own life as he cant live without the girl he loves.At the beginning of the play Romeos father and mother are talking to his Cousin, their nephew, Benvolio. Romeos father is concerned about Romeos behavior, and says that he seems unhappy.Shuts up his windows, locks fair daylight out, and makes himself an artificial nightRomeo is behaving in a strange way, but it is clear that he is discontented about something. His father wants to help but Romeo is being so secretive it is impossible to find out what is wrong: But to himself so secret and so closeBenvolio tells Romeos parents he will go and talk to him, and them that he will try and find out what is wrong with Romeo.Romeo tells him that he is in love with a girl, but his love is not returned. Romeo seems to be melancholy and confused about this. He tells Benvolio he is hurt. Benvolio asks him what her name is, but he avoids the question but tells Benvolio that she beautiful, O she is rich in beauty. Benvolio tells him Examine other beauties. He wants Romeo to forget about this girl, there are plenty other beauties. Be ruled by me, forget to think of her.In Act1, scene 2, we find out that the beauty Romeo is in love with is called Rosaline. We also discover that the Capulets are holding a feast, a ball. A servant has a list of names of people invited to the ball. Romeo and Benvolio meet him. Romeo sees that Rosalines name is on the list. Benvolio then persuades Romeo to go to the ball, so he can compare Rosaline to other beauties. Compare her face with some that I shall show, and I will make thee think t hy swan a crow Romeo questions Benvolio: One fairer than my love? Romeo strongly disagrees that there will be a girl with more beauty than Rosaline, but Benvolio tells him that he only think she is so beautiful beacause there was nobody else to compare her with: Tut you saw her fair, none else being by. Romeo agrees to go to the ball to prove him wrong.Act 1, scene 4, just before the Capulet ball. Romeo is miserable; he is still upset over Rosaline, and also worried about how they are going to explain themselves for being at a Capulet party without invitations. Mercutio, Romeos best friend, and Benvolio try to cheer him up, but with little success. They try to get Romeo to enjoy himself but he is reluctant to enjoy himself as he is feeling so depressed. Is love a tended thing? It is too rough, too boisterous, and it pricks like a thorn This is how Romeo is feeling. He has been hurt by love, It pricks like a thorn.Mercutio still tries to encourage Romeo to unwind by joking with him. At the end of this scene Romeo saysI fear too early, for my mind misgives,Some consequence, yet hanging in the stars,Shall bitterly begin this fearful date,With this night revels, and expire the term,Of a despised life closed in my breast,By some vile forfeit of untimely deathRomeo thinks that is written in the stars that the events of the night will lead him to die an early death. He believes that he has mortgaged his life for love.In Act1, scene 5, Romeo sees Juliet for the first time. He asks a serving man who she is What ladys that which doth enrich the hand of yonder knight The serving man does not know and Romeo still doesnt get an answer. He is unaware that Juliet is a Capulet.O she doth teach torches to burn bright Romeo is stunned by Juliets beauty. Romeo uses beautiful phrases to express his feelings and thoughts on Juliet. He immediately falls for Juliet. Did my heart love till now? Forswear is sight, for I neer saw true beauty till this night.Tybalt spots Romeo at his pa rty and informs his uncle Capulet. Capulet tells him to behave himself and not to make mutiny among his guests. Tybalt reluctantly agrees but seeks revenge.Romeo approaches Juliet and speaks to her for the first time. He wants to kiss her straight away, To smooth that rough touch, with a tender kiss. They kiss. Juliet says that he kiss by th book meaning he is a good kisser. The nurse interrupts them, telling Juliet that her mother wishes to speak with her. Romeo asks the nurse who Juliet is. He discovers that she is a Capulet, a family enemy.Is she a Capulet? O dear account, my life is my foes debt?Romeo leaves the party. Juliet also asks what Romeos name is, and the nurse replies, His name is Romeo, and a Montague, the only son of your great enemyJuliet is distressed to learn that her love is the offspring of her family enemy, the Montagues.My only love sprung form my only hate, too early seen unknown, and know too late Juliet means she fell in love with Romeo before she found out his name, and its too late now for her to change her feelings.As Romeo is leaving the party he realizes he is so in love with Juliet, he has to go back to the Capulet Mansion to try and find her. He climbs over the wall into the Capulet orchard. He sees Juliet in the moonlight in an upstairs window. It is the east, and Juliet is the sun To Romeo, Juliet is so bright, and so beautiful; he compares her to the sun. Arise fair sun and kill the envious moon Romeo says that the moon is jealous of her maid Juliet because she is more beautiful. The things he says about Juliet show how much he adores and admires her.Juliet appears, thinking she is on her own, and speaks aloud of her love for Romeo. She talks of how their family names cause problems for them.O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo? Juliet means, Why are you called Romeo Montague? And not another name?She speaks of how Romeo would still be the same person even if he werent a Montague.That which we call a rose, by any other w ord, would smell just as sweetRomeo surprises her when he answers to her thoughts.Juliet says to him So stumblest on my counsel? Meaning he has heard her private thought which she was saying out loud. Juliet asks him how he got there, as the orchard walls are hard to climb. Romeo replies, For stony limits cannot hold out love Romeo is saying that the wall cant keep him away from her. Juliet informs him that if anyone sees him there he will be murdered. Romeo says My life were better ended by their hate, than death prorogued, wanting of thy love. He tells Juliet that he rather be killed by their hatred for him, rather than go on living, waiting for death without her love.She wants Romeo to tell her that he loves her, but she doesnt want any lies. If thou dost love, pronounce it faithfullyJuliet is frightened that Romeo will think she is too forward. In truth fair Montague, I am too fond. An therefore thou mayst think my haviour light She thinks that girls who have skill will play har d to get. The nurse calls Juliet. As she is about to leave Romeo says, O wilt thou leave me so unsatisfied. He begs Juliet to at least exchange vows of love with him. Juliet says she gave him hers before he even requested them.Romeo and Juliet decided to marry. Romeo goes to Friar Lawrence, a man he trusts and has a lot of respect for. He asks for Friar Lawrence to marry him and Juliet. Friar Lawrence senses that Romeo has been out all night, and he questions him. Romeo tells him of his new love for Juliet, a Capulet. Friar Lawrence is surprised that Romeo has fallen for the offspring of his enemy, and also in the sudden change of Romeos attitude and feelings. Just recently he had been upset, confused, and hurt, still in, what he had called love, with Rosaline. He points out that his love for Rosaline must have not been true, and was just infatuation; For doting, not for loving, pupil mine.Young mens love then lies not truly in their hearts, but in their eyes He mean that maybe Rome o thought he loved Rosaline because she was beautiful, and not really for her-his love wasnt in his heart- but in his eyes.Romeo agrees, and realizes his love for Juliet is true. He understands what he felt for Rosaline must have been infatuation. Friar Lawrence also saysThy love did read by rote, that could not spellHe mean that Romeos love for Rosaline, was like someone who, reads, by learning the story off by heart but cannot spell out the letters of what is written.Friar Lawrence accepts that Romeos love for Juliet may be true love, and also might bring their quarrelling families to peace, so he agrees to marry them. It is arranged for Juliet to go to Friar Lawrences cell to be married.After their exchange of vows, Romeo arrives whilst a small quarrel between Tybalt and Mercutio. Tybalt insults Romeo to get a reaction, to provoke him, but as Romeo has just married Juliet, he doesnt want to cause any more problems with his new relation. He keeps calm and doesnt accept Tybalts off er for a fight; Villain I am none. Therefore farewell, I thou knowest me not. Romeo tries telling Tybalt he isnt a bad person, not a villain, and that Tybalt obviously doesnt know him well, he says farewell, he doesnt want to fight. Mercutio is irritated by Romeos cowardliness and challenges Tybalt. They fight. In all the perplexity and confusion, Mercutio is stabbed by Tybalt. He suffers from a fatal wound and dies almost immediately. Romeo is distraught. His best friend, killed by his wifes cousin, and now a relation to him. Romeo is incredibly distressed, and angry with this, and in a rage of fury kills Tybalt.The Montagues and the Capulets have been given punishments from the Prince. The Capulets feel that Romeo should be given a death sentence, but the Prince explains that he only did what the law would have required anyway; the death of Tybalt. Both families are heavily fined, and Romeo is banished from Verona. If he is seen is Verona ever again he will be executed.Both Juliet and Romeo are distraught by this. They feel as if Romeo has been given a death sentence. Will Juliet ever see her new husband again? Oh break, my heart, poor bankrupt, break at once Her heart has lost all its possessions and she feels broke. Tybalt and Romeo have gone.Juliet is confused. She is troubled by the variance of loyalties. The nurse tries to comfort Juliet by criticizing Romeo, but Juliet turns on her. This shows that Juliet obviously feels more for Romeo than she does for Tybalt. Juliet is upset because she thinks she will still be a virgin on her wedding night as she will not be able to see Romeo. The more she thinks about it, the more upset she gets.Whilst at Friar Lawrences cell, Romeo says that his banishment might as well be a death sentence, if he isnt able to be with Juliet any longer. He is completely distraught.Tis torture and not mercy. Heaven is here where Juliet livesThey both receive a visit from the Nurse. She tells Romeo that Juliet is overcome with misery and is crying over the death of her cousin, Tybalt, and the banishment of her loved one, Romeo. Romeo feels as if it is his fault that Juliet is in a miserable state, he doesnt want her to ever have to go through something like this, and he tries to stab himself. Friar Lawrence tells him to pull himself together, as Juliet and him are both still alive, and he still has hope. They plan for Romeo to go to Mantua until things are sorted out. The Nurse arranges a time so Romeo can spend the night with Juliet.The next morning Juliet tries to persuade Romeo to stay. He says he will accept her judgment but he will be risking his life. Juliet then sees it would be best for him to go. This is the only proper time both Romeo and Juliet have together, and Juliet must be sad to see Romeo leave, but she understands what the consequences of him staying are. Romeo only spends one night with his new wife, before he has to leave, he also must feel sad.Farwell, farewell, one kiss and ill descend.Thi s is the last time Romeo and Juliet kiss before their ill-fated destiny takes place.Juliets mother enters her room just as Romeo leaves, and notifies her about her marriage to a radiant young man, named Paris. Juliet is dismayed and tells her mother she refuses to marry Paris. Her Father also enters the room, and she repeats her refusal to him. Her father is livid with her and tells her she is to marry Paris or he will disown her.Juliet is extremely upset and turns to the nurse for help. Oh God! O Nurse how shall this be prevented? She is upset because when she married Romeo she made a promise that she would be faithful to him.Juliet later visits Friar Lawrences cell, and informs him on what happened. Juliet tells him that she would rather kill herself than be married to Paris.Father Lawrence gives her a potion. Juliet is to drink this and it should send her to sleep and make it look like she is dead. She will be taken to the family vault and hopefully wake up to Romeo who will take her to Mantua with him. The Friar will tell Romeo by letter what will be happening. Juliet agrees to this.Meanwhile in Mantua, Romeo never received a letter, but learns other news from his servant. He is told what everyone else think, which is the wrong information. Balthasar tells him that Juliet is dead.Romeo is heartbroken. He thinks the girl he loves, his wife, is not alive anymore, and he will never be able to be with her again. Then I defy you, stars The stars have intended that Juliet shall die and be taken away from Romeo. He is determined not to let that happen. Romeo does not want to live without Juliet; Well Juliet, I will lie with thee tonight. He is willing to take his own life just so he can be with her forever.Romeo goes to an apothecary who is very poor and will be willing to sell him some poison, even though this is illegal. The poison Romeo buys is strong enough to kill twenty men.Romeo makes his way to Juliets tomb and finds Paris there. The two men fight, and Ro meo Kills him. Open the tomb, lay me with Juliet Before Paris died he asked to be placed next to his love, Juliet. It is only then Romeo realizes who he has killed; Mercutios kinsman, noble county Paris!Death, lie thou there, by a dead man interred Romeo is saying that he will kill himself, but he feels dead already, now that he thinks Juliet is gone.Romeo sees Juliet. He is struck by her beauty.Ah dear Juliet, Why art thou yet so fair? Shall I believe that unsubstantial death is amorous? He means bodiless death is in love with Juliet. Swearing that he will stay with her forever, Romeo swallows the poison.Friar Lawrence arrives at the vault, and its at this time Juliet wakes up. Friar Lawrence tells her what has happened, and tries to hurry her out, but she refuses to leave. She to, would rather be dead than live without Romeo. Hearing people coming, she quickly takes Romeos daggers and stabs herself.

Evaluate the current streght of evidence for a complimentory therapy Essay

Evaluate the current streght of evidence for a complimentory therapy (Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation TENs for post operative pain management in chi - Essay Example As a result, use of complementary, non-pharmacological therapies for management of pain appears to be an effective and safe option (Zollman & Vickers, 1999). Complimentary therapy has been defined by the Zollman  and Vickers (1999, p.693) as â€Å"group of therapeutic and diagnostic disciplines which exist outside the institutions where conventional health care is taught and provided.† Some of practices of complimentary medicine like chiropractic medicine, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), acupuncture etc are increasingly being accepted and used clinically by mainstream medical practitioners (Zollman & Vickers, 1999). Complimentary therapy is now increasingly becoming an important aspect of the health care system in the U.K. a small machine, called the TENS unit is used to transmit electrical currents through the skin to stimulate the underlying nerve endings at or near the area where pain occurs (Hicks, 2006). The electric impulses which are generated by the TENS device are delivered to the area of pain through the sticky pad electrodes, which are placed on the skin in the painful area. Electrical impulses which stimulate the nerve endings at or near the site of pain help in diminishing the pain. intensity and frequency of electric current used by TENS machine, it can be sub-classified into two sub-types: low-intensity (1–2 mA) and high-frequency (50–100 Hz) TENS or high-intensity (15–20 mA) and low-frequency (1–5 Hz) TENS (White et al, 2001).The mechanism of action of TENS is thought to involve both spinal (gate-control theory) and supraspinal theories (release of endogenous opioid like substances). High-frequency and low-intensity TENS is thought to control pain through ‘Melzack and Wall’s theory of spinal gating’ (Erdogan et al, 2005). According to this theory activation of large myelinated afferent nerve

Gentleman Alone - by Pablo Neruda Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gentleman Alone - by Pablo Neruda - Essay Example In the poem, Gentleman Alone, Neruda has explicitly talked about sex and lovers and the whole theme of the poem is preoccupied with the sexual content. The poem starts with the illustration of people who are surrounding the speaker. They include homosexual men, pregnant house wives, young girls, cats in their heat, all of whom are surrounding the house of the speaker and making love. The speaker’s tone shows that he is desperate about his loneliness when the whole world around him is making love. Sex and passion seems in the air and everybody in the poem is shown drenched with the lust of bodily experiences. People of all ages are getting involved in sex. The speaker talks about a beach paradise which is lined with palm trees, a scene that is depicting the summer season, and which is perfect for lovers. The poem then talks about a low salaried clerk who has been sleeping with his neighbor and has seduced her to making love. He takes her to the movies and continues to fill his desire of lust. The poet talks about his own despair when he sees that the husbands, students, priests and animals, all are occupied with sex and lovemaking. Hence, the message that we can figure out from this poem is that despite the fact that one is surrounded with people who are enjoying and having fun and are doing whatever they like, one is bound to live in despair if his heart is not happy just the same. When one is sad from within, then no matter how much enjoyment is going on around him, he will continue feeling sad and nothing in the world will seem pleasurable enough to soothe him. The poet is feeling lonely instead of the crowd surrounding him. People are making love and there is nobody to love him and thus he feels deserted. As far as the poetic devices used in the poem are concerned, the overall tone of the poem is melancholic depicting the speaker’s frustration that he feels inside him when he sees the world having fun. There is no alliteration and assonance obs erved in the stanzas. However, the poet has intensively made use of imagery and has described things that create vivid mental pictures using any of the five senses. For example, he has used imagery in phrases like ‘palpitating sexual oysters’ (line 5), ‘fat and thin and happy and sad couples’ (line 12), and ‘bees smell of blood’ (line 28). Metaphors have been used, for example, when the poet compares the women’s breasts with glistening eyes, heroes with horses and passionate princes, and beds with ships. The poet has been able to give human qualities to many inanimate objects by using personification in phrases like ‘my solitary home’ (line 6), nights of hunters and husbands ‘burying’ the poet (line 25), and ‘breathing forest crushes me’ (line 36). Onomatopoeia has also been used when the poet uses words like buzz to imitate sounds like in the phrase ‘and the flies buzz cholerically’ (l ine 28). The poet has used the first person narrative with him being a character in the story telling it from his perspective like in phrases ‘cross my garden at night’ (line 4), ‘enemies of my soul’ (line 7), and ‘bury me’ (line 25). There is no repetition of words, lines and stanzas. Every line seems independent of the one preceding it and there is no rhyming scheme as well. The poem has also not been divided into stanzas. The poet has sometimes used hyperbole to make

The impotance of market structure to a firm Essay

The impotance of market structure to a firm - Essay Example It is likely that all the small firms have similar costs of production and this is shown in the cost curve named as ATCo. It is a natural process for one of them to become larger than others, and then it can produce items at a cost lower than others and then the cost curve for it may change to ATC'. This permits the larger firm to sell its products at a lower cost than others, and this hurts the other firms which are smaller as they incur losses at that price. It is not only development of production capacities that leads to this situation, and this concept of "natural monopoly" was first used to explain the development of the telephone industry in United States. (Microeconomics: Chapter 11) The situation in the early years was that most cities had more than one Telephone Company to provide telephone services. This was not an efficient operation as it required subscribers to contribute to the services of more than one company for getting a call through as the companies were not interconnected. Due to the fact that it was one of the first to start, Bell was larger than other companies. Since the cost of providing services to additional customers was relatively small, it was able to provide services to new customers at lower costs than others. ... The situation changed only at the end of the 20th century when the government decided to break up the company. This was believed to be a result of technological developments. (Microeconomics: Chapter 11) There are also other reasons for development of monopolies, and it happens in New Mexico due to the ownership of most known sources of desiccant clay by a single family. Even in the personal desktop industry, there are monopolies due to ownerships of software and chip technology. Monopoly also takes place due to high costs of investments for entering an industry and these come in various forms - high advertising costs for establishment of brand names, special purpose machinery needed for production, establishment of stocks at different levels for being able to make the goods available in the market, and so on. Patents and licenses are also methods of prevention of entry for new organizations, though there is justification for the provision of patents to ensure a return for research. At the same time, this permitted Polaroid to hold on to its business of instant film for a long time. (Microeconomics: Chapter 11) In UK, the distribution of industry was to a large extent controlled by the government and its public sector which changed through the privatization program that began in 1979. The first phase continued till 1983 and during this period, the government sold shares of organizations that were small in size and operating in competitive markets. The value received for the shares was more than the value of property sold, and at the same time, it reduced competition. There were some sales that did not affect competition, like the sales of more than one million publicly owned housing which gave the government a value of more than 15 billion pounds. The second phase

Health Status of the Māori

Health Status of the MÄ ori Introduction MÄ ori are originated and settles from a Polynesia and then arrived in New Zealand with the several waves that called the canoe voyages in between1250 and 1300 CE. Over the period of centuries in the isolation the settlers Polynesian had developed the culture which is unique which became and known as the â€Å"Maori† and with the language of their own, a mythology which is rich performing arts and distinctive crafts. The MÄ ori groups formed tribal groups, this is the early MÄ ori which they performed, it is based on the eastern Polynesian organization and to the social groups. They introduced of using flourished plants as their horticulture and later to that it will be the prominent warrior culture will emerged. But in the arrival of the Europeans in New Zealand in the start of the 17th century they brought a very large change in the Maori in way of living in their lives. The Maori begin to adopt a different many aspects of the western society and the culture. It is a very large agreeable between the relations of the Europeans and MÄ ori, initially which in the year of 1940 the signing of the treaty of Waitangi, this two culture are coexisted and part of the new British colony. In the year 1860 there are some rise of tension over the disrupted land sales that were led to conflicts. Because of the epidemic disease that introduced in a social upheaval a decade of conflicts occur and it took a variety of toll on the MÄ ori population which came to such time a very dramatic decline, but in the 20th century the MÄ ori population begun to recover. The MÄ ori people were also known as themselves by their iwi (tribal). With the tribal groups which means the smaller family or the sub-tribes h apu were properly organized, the men in MÄ ori had a full tattoo in the face (moko), which the identity is reflected as well also the attributes such as bravery status and etc. the woman also have the tattoo but it’s in their lower lips and the chins which is represented both the lineage â€Å"whakapapa† and status. This kind of art in tattoo was very scary which is Tapu, as well as the MÄ ori’s aspect culture such as the building, curving and everything else. The settlements of the MÄ ori people where it is first held were around the harbours or the river mouths were the sea birds and fishes lived abundantly. The MÄ ori people used the both hunting and agriculture to sustain their needs, their biggest source of food was called the moa, this is a very large bird which is a flightless bird that goes how easy for them to hunt and easy target, but unfortunately because of their constant hunt with the bird, they have become extinct due to over hunting. Settlement and Treaty of Waitangi The treaty of Waitangi was originally made for a formal agreement for the British settlement and for the guarantee of the MÄ ori for protection interest; there re representative who signed the agreement one of this are the MÄ ori chiefs and the British crown, this happened back in the year 1840. That time the MÄ ori number was estimated only to 80,000, along with the settlers population of 2000. I signing the Waitangi treaty, it was facilitated by a large scale influx of the British migrants. When the year of 1858 comes there were a decline in the population of the MÄ ori and increase of numbers in settlers approximately 59000 in numbers. The settlers introduced the fire arms and the new infectious disease that cause the major impacts of death among the MÄ ori. The disruption of the MÄ ori’s food, supplies and economic base, social networks was far widespread, this not only occurred in the their land but to the extend to the legislation in many areas including the regulation of right of the MÄ ori and discrimination against the MÄ ori language that used in the school. The primary mechanism of the MÄ ori was the treaty of Waitangi this is to have their very own unique rights as an indigenous people the country of New Zealand. The treaty is intentionally tend to maintain and to protect the well-being of all the citizens and health implication relation to the good government and the notion participation and equity. The treaty of Waitangi was continued along with the growing MÄ ori self-determination. In tie come it has been argued that the continuing of the disparities of health among the non-MÄ ori and MÄ ori represent that the rights of the MÄ ori are not being protected. Maori Health Status In the MÄ ori population after reaching the low point in the year 1896 approximately about 4200, in subsequent years the MÄ ori was begun to increase. The government initiated a MÄ ori controlled health promotion programs and public health services and also they include the appointment of the MÄ ori health inspectors to work just within the MÄ ori communities Health Disparities There had been suggestion in the number of different explanation for the inequalities in the health between the Maori’s and non-Maoris. There is common suggestion which is the race because of the different genetic factors. However there are 85% of variations in genetic that occurs randomly and most of them are not related to race or the ethnicity. Although the genetic factors between MÄ ori and non-MÄ ori may contribute in different status, however in terms of public health they do not play a major role. Between the MÄ ori’s and non-MÄ ori’s in the explanation of the differences in health in nongenetic can be group in 4 major areas which focus on the socioeconomic factors, lifestyle factors, and to the healthcare and lastly the discrimination. Socioeconomic Factors There are number of studies that demonstrate the increase of mortality and morbidity with the increase of deprivation. Just for like an example, there are deprivation in New Zealand index that enables the level of assessment in the area of deprivation with the use of the census data. Furthermore the lower MÄ ori health status can be explained partially to relative socioeconomic disadvantage. It is shown that the MÄ ori mortality rates had been high persistently even though there is the control for the social class Lifestyle Factors One of the life style in MÄ ori that can affect their health is the smoking, and their diet is very excessive they have no control over their daily diet that’s why MÄ ori people are very obese, this are one of the mechanism that may affect their health status, furthermore MÄ ori also abusive in substance like alcohol they are abusive to their own health, however this kind of situation are monitored, there some surveys that shows the difference of health status between the MÄ ori and non-MÄ ori, it’s also shown that Tabaco smoking is one of the high rate for MÄ ori than the non-MÄ ori, this cause that the MÄ ori’s are very prone to hypertension. Access to Health Care In accessing the healthcare between the MÄ ori and non-MÄ ori are tend to have a disadvantages because in accessing to health care, MÄ ori and non-MÄ ori tend to be differ in terms of accessing the health needs both the primary and secondary health care services, and most likely the Maori’s are less referred to a surgical care and other special services, and given the disparities in the mortality. MÄ ori’s are less given the priority and levels in hospital care as well as the quality than the non-MÄ ori. Discrimination For the discrimination, there are certain roles which MÄ ori are also not being advocate by the health care provider. In just for example MÄ ori have asthma and they come to the hospital for treatment in case of entertaining them they are not properly cared and treated unless the asthma is absolutely necessary to be treated. The doctors towards the MÄ ori patients shows that there is a less advocate towards the MÄ ori patients for the preventive measures than the non-MÄ ori patients, unlike for the non-MÄ ori patients they are easily advice for any surgical treatment in terms of their certain disease. Health Environment In the year of 1930’s the healthcare system in New Zealand was created nationally, the medical attention at this year is free and its delivered by the salaried medical practitioners, but in time had passed, the system had been modified to be paid by as a government fee services in subsidy in secondary to care, the primary care is funded largely but also controlled by the individual doctors. Until the year of 1980s the situation remained unchanged. By the year of 1991 there are were a new major series health services were newly initiated including the public hospital which have a particular changes as well as their health services delivered and how the new funding were organized in the provision of the health care that enable the health practitioners to work. Primarily with the MÄ ori’s about their improving access to the health care services were undertaken both of the MÄ ori development of the cultural safety education and for the establishment to the MÄ ori in t heir health care provider services. Maori Health Care Providers In health care provider which is a MÄ ori made a very large role in way of advancing their health promotion and the disease controlled with the MÄ ori communities. This kind of scenario initiates only in the outside mainstream services which was being provided at that time and for this the government and also the funding availability was very vulnerable to change however this kind of matter led to the widening of gap in the inequality, mostly in the determination of health as income, employment, housing and education. There are differences in providing a health care and services from a MÄ ori and non-MÄ ori. Because in MÄ ori health care is they use of their own race to model the health and the promotion of a positive development of a MÄ ori as a primary health services. Maori health care provider also will make the basis on their findings through a cultural process in delivering a contemporary health services that able to support self sufficiency. The MÄ ori health care provider had increase in 1993 to 2004 and this number of MÄ ori health care provider faces a great number of difficulties, just for example a MÄ ori healthcare provider is caring for a patient but there is a lack of obtaining a primary health data, they are limited potential when it comes to provide a care and for some reason the MÄ ori health work force which is a very small organization had been quickly absorbed into a large growing MÄ ori provider organization. Maori Rights The treaty of Waitangi in MÄ ori are observe, there are certain rights of the MÄ ori that are missing, especially in their health services and to their health care provider, even though the children have the same rights with the non-MÄ ori people when it come to school benefits recognition of equity of bought party are not alike. Cultural Safety Education The cultural safety and education provide the history in New Zealand, this provide the information of the treaty of the Waitangi. It is also involve the framework of MÄ ori people and their culture. The nurses and midwifes and doctors as well as the midwives are taught to understand how Maori people are being understand, especially for the students which is in secondary of school are very prone in depression. This is because the MÄ ori’s have very small amount of self-esteem even if they are bullied its shows that they are easily being affected. Genetics and Disease For the genetics the MÄ ori people are originally big people or we could say the term obese and these are one problem that may cause their health and disease, because of excessive weight MÄ ori are prone to hypertension. Genetically MÄ ori’s are tending to have the life expectancy by 60-65; they don’t age to old in numbers because they are prone for depression even in their adolescence life. Study also shows that the indigenous people have the highest mortality rate than the non-indigenous people mostly this is indicated by the disease of end renal stage. Maori people during their mid age in their life are experiencing this disease and there were study shows that there is also an excess comorbidity most particularly in diabetes. Conclusion I therefore to conclude that the indigenous people in New Zealand and they have been evidence the very poor health status. The cultural and safety and for the MÄ ori provider organization for the education have been emerged that is not in isolation but rather than within the level of the government policies and it is shown whether it will be greatly promoted the health status of the indigenous people. I conclude that the MÄ ori people have the less priority when it becomes to the health needs of than the non-MÄ ori. Explanations shows that the lifestyle of MÄ ori are connected to their life expectancy because of their diet pattern which affect their health adding the substance on their lifestyle associated for being alcoholic and smokes tobacco. I here to conclude that the disparities’ in the health between the MÄ ori’s and the non-MÄ ori’s also been evident for all of the colonies in New Zealand, although there are some improvements I the past years which is past 140 years ago, this indicates that the gap in the life expectancy with the group is widened rather than narrowing. This also conclude that the treaty of Waitangi that not all MÄ ori requested to treat as an equity to both MÄ ori and non-MÄ ori are not totally recognized and implemented. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people#Origins http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1470538/

Their Eyes Were Watching Essay -- Literary Analysis, Zora Neale Hurst

Oftentimes, the quest for self discovery centers on the search for one’s voice. In Zora Neale Hurston’s novel, Their Eyes Were Watching Gd the reader learns about Janie, the novel’s protagonist and hero, as she tells her friend Phoebe how she found her identity. Early on the reader learns that language is an important motif in the novel, yet, Zora Neale Hurston deliberately leaves out Janie’s voice in the scene where she uses it to save her life (acquit her of murder). In this scene, Janie does not speak through direct discourse or free mixed indirect discourse; her testimony is relayed to the reader through the narrator. Zora Neale Hurston did this to clarify the meaning of the novel: voice is best used for story telling (to people who will listen). It is used to tell stories that will be passed around and help others grow. It is a means of passing down history. It is a vehicle for story-telling (folklore). ***include a line or 2 that states and organizes my arguments***** At first the novel seems as if it is about Janie’s quest for love. But a deeper look reveals a more profound message. The real story is about Janie overcoming the struggles that keep her from finding her identity. Her identity is tied with her ability to become a storyteller, which she cannot become until she finds her voice. Janie’s evolution occurs as she â€Å"grows to understand the loneliness of silence [and] how morality is required for community† (Meese 47). Her voice is who she is, and just like folklore, it is shaped by beliefs, experiences, and dreams. (i.e. another hint that folklore is the identity of her culture). However, having a voice is only half of the battle, knowing when and how to use it is just as important. At the store opening in ... ...Hurston added this scene to show the importance of culture. By not accepting her heritage, Mrs. Turner leads a miserable life because she is rejecting her identity. Janie is not influenced by the white standard of judgment. Unlike Mrs. Turner’s marriage, Janie’s is real; she truly admires her husband and his ability to â€Å"take most any lil thing and make summertime out of it when times is dull.† (173). Hurston wants the people of her culture to be proud of who they are. By not doing so, they lead miserable lives like Mrs. Turner’s. Conclusion: present day folklore is story telling through music. Not all rap and hip hop songs are about sex and drugs. Many artists write songs with meaning. Like Jay Z’s â€Å"Can I live†. Include some lyrics and what they mean, telling the black folk of today some morals he learned along the way that helped me become and stay successful.

Reading Response to Ali and Nino Essay

The most evident and reoccurring theme that I noticed in Kurban Said’s, Ali and Nino was the importance of religion and cultural backgrounds. In many different places in the story it is evident that Ali and Nino have been taught some completely different things about the world in general. The first major example that I found is when Ali speaks with his father and Nino’s father about marrying Nino. Although they are both somewhat supportive of the marriage, they both send completely opposite messages. Ali’s father tells him that the love for Nino is not necessary and that if he wants Ali can still marry up to three more wives. Contrary to Ali’s fathers belief, Nino’s father feels very differently. He feels that he must show unconditional love and treat her with the dignity and respect that she deserves. He also feels that he should focus all her energy and love on her rather than having any other wives. If Nino’s father doubts Ali’s for his daughter, maybe that is part of the reason why he tried to postpone the wedding. The second example I found is when Nino tells Ali he absolutely can not have a harem because it is considered a disgraceful tradition of Ali’s background to Nino and her family. Ali agrees that he will not have a Harem and then the question of whether or not Nino will have to wear a veil. After a bit of deliberation between Ali and Nino, they were still unable to reach a conclusion to whether or not Nino would have to wear a veil. Nino does not understand why a women must wear a veil whereas Ali feels that it is very important that the women does so that Nino will be protected from strangers looks. Although Ali and Nino are very much in love there are very many cultural differences and misunderstandings that make this inter religion/faith marriage a bit more complicated. This idea of religious differences and cultural misunderstandings really hits home for me. As a Jewish adult, it has always been very important to me to marry someone of the same faith and belief system. As I have grown up I do believe that the most important thing is being happy and that being accepting of all peoples values and morals is very much important. Out of personal experience, I have two relatives that both decided to marry out of the Jewish faith. Neither of these marriages have worked out very well in regards to my family. The first relative of mine ended up getting divorced and is now going through a custody battle for his children. The other relative is still married to his wife but does not talk to anyone on our side of the family due to many reasons but mostly because she was not willing to support his Jewish identity and background. It is ignorant in my opinion to think that inter faith marriages can never work out, because a lot of them do. But in my experiences with my family they have not. Regardless if people can make them work, it is definitely harder than marrying someone with the same faith as you. With religion comes a system of ideals, morals and beliefs and if someone has those same values as you do, there will be less cultural misunderstandings and cleavages than if you married someone with different values than you. So the whole idea of cultural differences through religion complicating thing relates both very closely to my life in terms of my family and Kurban Said’s Ali and Nino.

Trying Juviniles As Adults Essays - Criminology, Juvenile Court

Trying Juviniles As Adults Essays - Criminology, Juvenile Court Trying Juviniles As Adults Trying Juveniles as Adults and Placing them into Adult Institutions Juveniles being tried as adults, who is to blame? In todays society it is not who or whom it is what. Juvenile offenders are now facing a double-edged sword. Not only can they be tried in a Juvenile court for a crime committed. They are now being charged as adults. Charging a juvenile as an adult has stirred up many different views. When should we say enough is enough? Violent crimes committed by juveniles have become a growing epidemic. The children of today are subjected to violence in popular songs, television shows, and even computer games. Parents having guns accessible to children and the society the child lives in all play a part in the destruction of our youth. Juvenile offenders are now facing tougher punishment for their actions. Juvenile crime is stated as an act committed by a minor that would be considered a crime committed by an adult, such as vandalism, burglary, assault, or murder (Silverstein 11). Juveniles are committing these crimes against families, classmates, and strangers. In many states, a juvenile is any one under the age of eighteen. Young offenders commit these crimes because they feel neglected, that no one cares, and this is a way to get attention. However, professionals say that juvenile offenders commit these crimes due to being abused or even ignored as a child (Valentine). Telling a parent to not ignore, punish, or leave your child home alone or your child could grow to become a criminal, seems severe. Why dont we just tell them how to raise their children? We as a society can not place the blame on a parent the juveniles are the ones at fault. Juvenile crime is dated as far back as the 1600s. Where in the Massachusetts colony, a teenager over sixteen years of age who had cursed at or hit his parents could receive the death penalty (Landau 88). In this time-period, this seemed to be a severe punishment. However, surely it made teenagers think about their actions before acting on them. In the 1880s, immigrants were the source of juvenile crime. Young immigrants were faced with many cultural differences that led them to crimes. Young Immigrant families were starving therefore stealing was their major crime (Landau 89). The juvenile justice system was condemned by society in the 1960s (Landau 89). This would show the first signs of serious juvenile offenders receiving lesser sentences than juveniles who committed minor crimes would. There is no national juvenile justice system in the United States (Landau 90). Each states law on juvenile violence varies. Juvenile crime went on the rise in the 1980-1990s. Murder has been the leading felony among juveniles. However, in 1994, 60% of juvenile offenders who committed murder were African American black men (Silverstein 12). Our legal system has two different court systems. One, Juvenile court is where we hear a lot of our cases on custody battles, child support payments, and even misdemeanors committed by juveniles. Secondly, Adult courts other wise known as Criminal court. This is where adults find out their fate for a crime committed against another. Juvenile Offenders could be tried in both systems. In some cases the prosecutor can file them directly into criminal court. This process is called concurrent jurisdiction. States have another form called statutory exclusion meaning that if the crime committed is serious enough the juvenile will automatically is tried as an adult (Hunzeker). The Juvenile system seemed to be the answer. However, it had flaws. Juvenile offenders are protected from society. The accused does not receive a criminal record for crimes committed. This results in a problem for judges and repeat offenders. If there is no record of their crimes, how will they do the time (Landau 90)? Small portions of cases do not even make it to court (Landau 90). Juvenile offenders are set free for crimes that adults get life in prison. If we set an example like that juvenile violence will continue to rise. Victims are the ones who are suffering. With the inconsistencies of the Juvenile system, a young offender could walk which would be more traumatic for the victim than the crime

French Love Language - Vocabulary and Tips

French Love Language - Vocabulary and Tips French is the language of love using it with your beau  can be incredibly romantic. But to  avoid turning your  je  taime into a je suis embarrassà ©,  review these grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary tips before professing your love.   How To Say I Love You in French? Its rather simple, and a lot of people know that sentence: Je taime - I am in love with you. It sounds like je tem. If you were to say vous to the person you are in love with (weird, but not impossible), it would be: Je vous aime with a strong liaison in Z: je voo zem. The Verb Aimer :To Love and to be in Love This is tricky indeed. Aimer means to love and to be in love. So, what if you want to say you just like someone, not romantically? Then youd have to add an adverb. Je taime bien I like youJe taime beaucoup Im fond of you (still as a friend) Now, be careful! If you were to omit the adverb, and just say: je taime, youd be saying I am in love with you... This could mean a lot of trouble. We also use the verb aimer to say we like food, stuff... Here, no problem to use it without an adverb, the meaning is obvious (to a French person at least). Jaime la France. I like/love France. So its only when you use aimer with a person that you could be in trouble. Note that we use aimer without an adverb with immediate family and pets.   Jaime ma fille. I love my daughter.Il aime son chien. He loves his dog. How To Say To Be In Love in French ? The expression à ªtre en amour is used in Canadian French, but not in France. We say à ªtre amoureux / amoureuse de quelquun Elle est amoureuse de Pierre elle aime Pierre. She is in love with Pierre. When you need to make it very clear that you are talking about love and not just like, then youd need to use the full expression à ªtre amoureux/amoureuse de. Il est amoureux de sa cousine. He is in love with his cousin.

Education College Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Education College - Personal Statement Example Besides, I could encourage my parents to save money by having a 401K. At work, I am always seeking ways to be creative to streamline my reporting. For example, I support the sales group and I tried to view expense reports in detail because I needed to fulfill my business partner's needs. It was quite sure for me that someone in corporate would be able to provide me with the data I was requesting. I contacted corporate and after talking to several departments I was able to obtain the report that was needed. I am persistent and won't stop enquiry until getting the answer. My parents motivate me when it comes down to education. They are not educated and my form of paying them back is to continue my education. Thanks to my parents as they gave me chance to continue in a country that provides me facilities to advance my education. This country offers me enough opportunities to continue my education regardless of age, gender and ethnicity. I am the first generation of my family living in the United that has earned a college degree and hopefully I will also be the first one obtaining a masters degree. If admitted to the program, I will bring with me my enthusiasm, dedication, and stalwart work ethics. I am proud of what I have accomplished till this moment in my life and see much of it as a stepping stone towards a successful future in the business world.

Harriet Beecher Stowe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Harriet Beecher Stowe - Essay Example Harriet Beecher Stowe was one of the most famous female abolitionists and authors of the 19th century. Her writings fueled the anti-slavery movements before the Civil War. She used religion and family to connect with her white readers and relate the African American community to them. Stowe later housed fugitives on the Underground Railroad while living with her husband in Brunswick, Maine. She wrote and expressed her opinions at a time when women were repressed. She had no rights to vote or hold office but she made her opinions known and began the public debate on slavery and abolition. Her upbringing contributed to her anti-slavery feelings. Her father was a preacher and he encouraged his children to take action to better society. She was the middle child and had 11 siblings. Six of her brothers became ministers and her older sister pioneered education for women in the early nineteenth century. Stowe had a very self-righteous upbringing from her parents and this encouraged her to take a stand for social justice.